Objective To explore the effects of behavior change intervention based on the multiple-theory model on patients with dyslipidemic ischemic stroke.

Methods A total of 93 patients with dyslipidemic ischemic stroke who were hospitalized in the vascular neurology ward of Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University from January to August 2024 were selected as the study subjects using the convenience sampling method. They were randomly divided into control group (n=49) and intervention group (n=44) using the envelope-drawing method. Patients in the control group received routine stroke health education, while those in the intervention group underwent a 3-month behavior change program guided by the multiple-theory model. The levels of healthy behaviors, body mass index (BMI), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) were compared between the two groups.

Results There were no statistically significant differences in general information and disease-related data between the two groups (P>0.05). At 1-, 3-, and 6-month after the intervention, the level of healthy behaviors in the intervention group was higher than that in the control group, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in BMI between the two groups at 6 months after the intervention (P < 0.05). The TC levels in the intervention group at 3 and 6 months after the intervention were lower than those in the control group, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). The HDL-C level in the intervention group at 6 months after the intervention was higher than that in the control group, with a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05). The LDL-C levels in the intervention group at 1-, 3-, and 6-month after the intervention were lower than those in the control group, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in TG levels between the intervention group and the control group at different time points after the intervention (P>0.05).

Conclusion The behavior change intervention program based on the multiple-theory model can effectively improve and maintain healthy behaviors and improve blood lipid levels in patients with dyslipidemic ischemic stroke.