基于Watson关怀理论的结肠癌术后造口患者自我管理体验质性研究

李添添; 王鼎; 王琳; 周晓梅

doi:10.7619/jcmp.20253442

基于Watson关怀理论的结肠癌术后造口患者自我管理体验质性研究

A qualitative study on self-management experience of patients with colostomy after colon cancer surgery based on Watson's caring theory

摘要

摘要:
目的基于Watson关怀理论框架和质性研究方法, 探讨结肠癌术后造口患者的自我管理体验与需求。
方法选取20例结肠癌术后造口患者，通过半结构式深度访谈(60~90 min/次)收集资料，访谈内容涵盖自我管理体验、影响因素及需求。采用Colaizzi质性现象学分析法对资料进行编码与主题提炼。
结果本研究提炼出5个核心主题: ①生理与心理双重困扰; ②自我管理知识技能及生活方式受限; ③对医护人员专业持续指导与关注的期望; ④对家人及社会理解支持的需求; ⑤经济状况对自我管理质量的制约。
结论本研究揭示了结肠癌术后造口患者自我管理中的多重困境，分析了影响其自我管理水平的各种因素，并明确了患者对全方位、人文化护理服务的迫切需求。

Abstract:
Objective To explore the self-management experience and needs of patients with colostomies after colon cancer surgery based on the Watson's caring theory framework and qualitative research methods.
Methods Twenty patients with colostomies after colon cancer surgery were selected, and data were collected through semi-structured in-depth interviews (60 to 90 minutes every time). The interview content covered self-management experiences, influencing factors, and needs. The Colaizzi qualitative phenomenological analysis method was used to code the data and extract themes.
Results Five core themes were identified in this study: ① dual physiological and psychological distress; ② limited self-management knowledge, skills, and lifestyle; ③ expectations for professional and continuous guidance and attention from healthcare providers; ④ need for understanding and support from family and society; ⑤ economic constraints on the quality of self-management.
Conclusion This study reveals multiple dilemmas in the self-management of patients with colostomies after colon cancer surgery, analyzes various factors affecting their self-management abilities, and clarifies patients' urgent needs for comprehensive and humanistic nursing services.

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