Objective To explore the effect of Huangqi Danzhi Shenmai Decoction in treatment of coronary atherosclerosis patients with qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome and its influence on the levels of serum malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), tumor necrosis factor -α (TNF-α), and interleukin-1 β (IL-1β).

Methods A total of 120 patients with coronary atherosclerosis were selected and randomly divided into control group (conventional treatment + simvastatin) and observation group (conventional treatment + Huangqi Danzhi Shenmai Decoction) by random number table method, with 60 cases in each group. The clinical efficacy of the two groups was evaluated. The changes in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome scores, blood lipids, inflammatory factors, and oxidative stress indicators before and after treatment were recorded for both groups.

Results The total effective rate in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). After treatment, the TCM syndrome scores in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The improvement in blood lipid indicators was more pronounced in the observation group compared to the control group (P < 0.05). The serum levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and MDA in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, while the serum levels of SOD and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) were higher than those in the control group, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). No severe adverse reactions occurred in either group during the treatment period.

Conclusion Huangqi Danzhi Shenmai Decoction has a good clinical efficacy in treating coronary atherosclerosis with qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome, and can improve the oxidative stress status, reduce inflammatory responses, and regulate blood lipid levels in patients, so it is worthy of clinical promotion and use.