Objective To explore the impact of couple collaborative nursing based on the timing theory on disease perception and marital adjustment ability in patients with recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA).

Methods A total of 120 patients with RSA were selected as the research subjects and divided into experimental group and control group using the random number table method, with 60 cases in each group. After excluding patients lost during follow-up, 58 cases were finally included in the experimental group and 56 cases in the control group. The control group received routine nursing, while the experimental group received couple-based collaborative nursing based on the timing theory in addition to routine nursing. The intervention period was 3 months. The disease perception scores on the Revised Illness Perception Questionnaire (IPQ-R), marital adjustment ability scores on the Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS), anxiety scores on the Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), and depression scores on the Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) of the two groups of patients before and after the intervention were compared.

Results Before the intervention, there were no statistically significant differences in the IPQ-R, DAS, SAS, and SDS scores between the two groups (P>0.05). After the intervention, the scores of the disease consequence, disease duration, and emotional impact dimensions and the total IPQ-R score in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). However, there was no statistically significant difference in the scores of the disease controllability dimension between the two groups (P>0.05). After the intervention, the scores of the marital satisfaction, couple communication, and role adaptation dimensions and the total DAS score in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). However, there was no statistically significant difference in the scores of the conflict resolution dimension between the two groups (P>0.05). After the intervention, the SAS and SDS scores in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.05).

Conclusion Couple collaborative nursing based on the timing theory can effectively improve disease perception, enhance marital adjustment ability, and alleviate negative emotions in patients with RSA. It is recommended for clinical promotion and application.