Abstract: Objective To explore the characteristics of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)mutation in patients with lung adenocarcinoma in Xinjiang automonous region.Methods 181 patients with lung adenocarcinoma were collected (Uighur:71 cases;Han:105 cases).The clinical characteristics of each patient was recorded,and the paraffin embedded tumor tissue was col-lected.Exons 18~21 of EGFR genes were detected by ARMs.The mutation rates of EGFR genes were compared in Uyghur and Han nationalities,and the relationship between EGFR gene muta-tions and clinical ccharacteristics were analyzed.Results EGFR mutation rate was 32.6% in all patients ,in which the mutations rate in Han patients (4 5 .7 % )was higher than Uyghur patients (15.8%).The main mutation types were the deletion of exon 19 and L858R of exon 21.The dele-tion of exon 19 was more common in Uyghur patients.In Han patients,EGFR mutation was relat-ed to the gender,smoking history and the differentiated degree of tumors,whereas Uyghur patients was only associated with smoking history.Conclusion For Uyghur patients,EGFR mutation rate is lower than Han patients in the same area,and exon 19 sensitive mutation is more frequent.