Abstract: Objective To observe and analyze clinical significance of detection of serum sol-uble intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1),inflammatory mediators levels for the patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Methods 60 patients with acute exacerbated COPD were selected as the AECOPD group and divided into complicated with respiratory failure group and the without complicated respiratory failure group according to whether the patients had been complicated with respiratory failure before the treatment;60 patients with AECOPD whose clinical symptoms were relieved after the routine treatment during the same period were selected as the COPD stable phase group;60 patients with healthy examination results during the same period were selected as the control group.The serum levels of sICAM-1,interleukin-10 (IL-10),inter-leukin-18 (IL-18)of the subjects in the three groups were detected and analyzed.Results The serum sICAM-1 and IL-18 levels of the patients in the AECOPD group were significantly higher than those of the COPD stable phase group (P <0.05)and the serum sICAM-1 and IL-18 levels of the patients in the COPD stable phase group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P <0.05);The serum IL-10 level of the patients in the AECOPD group was significantly lower than that of the COPD stable phase group (P <0.05)and the serum IL-10 level of the patients in the COPD stable phase group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P < 0 .0 5 );The serum sICAM-1 and IL-1 8 levels of the patients in the complicated with respiratory failure group were significantly higher than those of the without complicated respirato-ry failure group (P <0.05)and the serum IL-10 level of the patients in the complicated with res-piratory failure group was significantly lower thanthat of the without complicated respiratory fail-ure group (P <0.05);In the AECOPD group,the serum IL-10 level was negative related with the serum sICAM-1 level of (r =-0.53,P <0.05),while the serum IL-18 level was positively related with the serum sICAM-1 level (r =0.68,P <0.05).Conclusion The increased serum sICAM-1 and IL-18 levels and the decreased serum IL-10 level may be associated with the occur-rence of AECOPD and the complicated respiratory failure.The increasing of the serum sICAM-1 level can reflect the state of the inflammatory reaction of patients.