Abstract: Objective To observe and analyze the curative effects of budesonide treatment for the children with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)infection associated with wheezing and its influence on the serum inflammatory mediators levels.Methods 200 patients with the first RSV infection associated with wheezing were selected as the research objects and randomly divided into the observation group and the control group with 100 patients included in each group.The patients in the two groups were treated with the basic treatment.The patients in the control group were treated with liquid aerosol Ventolin inhalation treatment on the basis of the above therapies,while the patients in the observation group were treated with the therapies of the control group combined with budesonide inhalation treatment.The respiratory improvement time,the wheezing remission time and the hospitalization time and the serum interleukin-4 (IL-4),interleukin-6 (IL-6),inter-leukin-12 (IL-12),C reactive protein (CRP),IgE levels and T lymphocytes subsets in the periph-eral blood before and after the treatment of the children in the two groups were observed and detect-ed.Meanwhile the patients were followed-up and the wheezing recurrence rates in 6 months and 1 year after the discharged day were observed .Results The respiratory improvement time ,the wheezing remission time and the hospitalization time of the children in the observation group were significantly shorter than those of the control group (P <0.05);After the treatment,the serum IL-4,IL-6,CRP,IgE levels and CD8 +T lymphocyte proportion of the children in the two groups decreased significantly compared with those before the treatment (P <0.05),while the serum IL-12 level and CD3+ T lymphocyte proportion,CD4+ T lymphocyte proportion,the ratio of CD4+ /CD8+ T lymphocyte increased significantly compared with those before the treatment (P <0.05),and the changing amplitudes of the above indexes of the patients in the observation group were significantly higher than those of control group (P <0.05);The wheezing recurrence ratios in the 6 months and 1 year after the discharged day of the patients in the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group (P <0.05).Conclusion The curative effects of budesonide in treatment of the children with RSV infection associated with wheezing are significant.The therapy can alleviate the symptoms more quickly,improve the levels of inflam-matory mediators and reduce the probability of recurrence.