Abstract: Objective To explore effect of family-centered discharge guidance on family care of premature infants in NICU.Methods A total of 174 premature infants with extremely low birth weight in NICU were studied and were randomly divided into study group and control group,with 87 cases per group.Control group received conventional discharge guidance while the study group received family-centered discharge planning.Height and weight changes of neonates at discharge,and at correct gestational age of 2,4,6 months were observed.Nursing knowledge and nursing skills,Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) scores of puerperae were observed in two groups on admission and at discharge.Breastfeeding rate,re-hospitalization rate,morbidity and mortality within 6 months were compared.Results The body weight,body length and head circumference were not statistically significant of two groups at birth and at corrected gestational age of 40 weeks (P ＞ 0.05),and they were heavier,and larger than those of the control group at corrected gestational age of 2,4 and 6 months (P ＜ 0.05).Breastfeeding rate in the study group was higher,morbidity rate and readmission rate were lower than that of the control group (P ＜ 0.05),but there was no significant difference in mortality of two groups (P ＞ 0.05).At discharge of NICU,mothers of premature infants had no statistically significant difference in nursing knowledge and skills (P ＞ 0.05),but they commanded more after 2 monthsof discharge (P ＜ 0.05),and study group improved more significantly (P ＜ 0.05).At discharge of NICU,SAS and SDS scores of infants'mothers were not statistically significant (P ＞ 0.0 5),but it was significantly decreased at 2 months of discharge (P ＜ 0.0 5),and study group decreased more (P ＜ 0.0 5).Conclusion Family-centered discharge guidance can increase the physical development of children,reduce the morbidity rate,and improve the family's bad mood,so it is worthy of clinical promotion.