Abstract: Objective To study and analyze the correlation between serum levels of interleukins and concomitant wheezing in children with mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP).Methods A total of 136 children with MPP were selected as the case group.The children were divided into the wheezing group (n =59) and the non-wheezing group (n =77).The children in the wheezing group were divided into the acute phase group (n =26) and the remission phase group (n =33) according to the condition of the disease.Sixty healthy children were selected as the control group.The serum interleukin-4 (IL-4),interleukin-5 (IL-5),interleukin-13 (IL-13) levels were detected and compared among all the groups.Results There were significant differences in the serum IL-4,IL-5,IL-13 levels among the wheezing group,the non-wheezing group and the control group (F =16.332,112.369,96.411,P ＜ 0.05).There were significant differences in the serum IL-4,IL-5,IL-13 levels among the acute phase group,the remission phase group and the control group (F =24.058,174.212,143.720,P ＜ 0.05).In the case group,the serum IL-4 level was positively correlated with the IL-5 level (P ＜ 0.05),and there were no correlations between the IL-4 level and the IL-13 level,the IL-5 level and the IL-13 level (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The serum expression of IL-4,IL-5 and IL-13 increase in patients with MPP.