Abstract: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of causes of chronic liver injury, and the pathogenesis is complex. Insulin resistance, oxidative stress, intestinal-hepatic axis and mitochondrial dysfunction lead to the occurrence and development of NAFLD. Curcumin, a natural polyphenol, is a potential drug for the treatment of NAFLD, and has been widely studied in experimental researches. This study reviewed pathogenesis of NAFLD and the therapeutic effect of curcumin on NAFLD.