Abstract: Objective To compare the value of digital breast tomosynthesis(DBT)and full field digital mammography(FFDM)in the diagnosis of distortion of breast structure. Methods Clinical materials of 132 patients with pathologically confirmed distortion of breast structure detected by DBT and FFDM were collected. The differences in detection rate, accuracy, specificity, sensitivity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value between DBT and FFDM in diagnosis of distortion of breast structure were analyzed. Results Among 132 patients, there were 43 cases of uncompacted breast and 89 cases of compacted breast. The detection rate of FFDM for distortion of breast structure in cases with compacted breast was 77.5%, which was significantly lower than 100.0% of DBT(P<0.01). For the diagnosis of simple structural distortion of breast, the diagnostic sensitivity of DBT was 63.2%, which was significantly higher than 28.6% of FFDM(P<0.05). For the diagnosis of lesions with mass structure distortion, the diagnostic specificity of DBT was 69.0%, and negative predictive value was 80.0%, which were significantly higher than 28.6% and 46.2% of FFDM(P<0.05). Conclusion DBT shows a greater value than FFDM in the diagnosis of distortion of breast structure.