Abstract: Objective To investigate the effect of levofloxacin combined with Bailing Capsule in the treatment of lower respiratory tract infection in patients with chronic renal failure after hemodialysis. Methods Sixty-two patients with chronic renal failure complicated with lower respiratory tract infection after hemodialysis were randomly divided into experimental group(n=31)and control group(n=31). The control group was treated with levofloxacin alone for anti-infective treatment. The experimental group was treated with levofloxacin combined with Bailing Capsule. The treatment effects of the two groups were compared. Results The total effective rate of the experimental group was 93.55%, which was significantly higher than 74.19% in the control group(P<0.05). After treatment, the blood urea nitrogen(BUN), serum creatinine(Scr)and creatinine clearance rate(Ccr)were significantly improved, and the experimental group changed more significantly than the control group(P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of CD3⁺, CD4⁺, CD8⁺, and CD4⁺/CD8⁺ were all increased in the two groups, and the experimental group was significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05). Conclusion For patients with chronic renal failure and lower respiratory tract infection, the application of levofloxacin combined with Bailing Capsule can achieve satisfactory results, and can improve patients' renal and immune functions.