Abstract: Objective To analyze the effect of group B Streptococcal(GBS)infection in reproductive tract of pregnant women on maternal and neonatal prognosis. Methods A total of 100 pregnant women with GBS infection who had pregnancy check-up and were hospitalized for birth delivery in our hospital were selected as observation group, and 100 normal pregnant women without GBS infections who had pregnancy check-up and were hospitalized for birth delivery during the same period were selected as control group. The delivery mode, neonatal birth weight and height were recorded, and the maternal and neonatal outcomes were compared between the two groups. Results There were no significant differences in the delivery mode, neonatal birth weight and height between the two groups(P>0.05). The incidence rates of premature delivery, premature rupture of membranes, intrauterine infection, puerperal infection, intrauterine distress, neonatal infections and neonatal pneumonia in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05). Conclusion GBS infection in pregnant women, a key factor that influences maternal and neonatal prognosis, can increase the risks of premature rupture of membrane, premature delivery, intrauterine infection, puerperal infection, intrauterine distress, neonatal infection and neonatal pneumonia. Therefore, prevention of GBS infection should be paid attention in pregnant women.