Abstract: Objective To investigate the effect of oxiracetam on cognitive function of patients with cognition dysfunction after stroke. Methods Totally 87 patients with cognition dysfunction after stroke were divided into control group(n=43)and observation group(n=44)according to blind selection method. The control group was treated with piracetam, and the observation group was treated with oxiracetam. The clinical efficacy, cognitive function, levels of cytokines and the incidence of adverse reactions were compared between two groups. Results The total effective rate of the control group was 79.07%, which was significantly lower than 95.45% of the observation group(P<0.05). After treatment, the scores of Mini-mental State Examination(MMSE)in both groups were significantly higher than those before treatment, and the score of MMSE in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05). After treatment, the levels of matrix metalloproteinase-3(MMP-3)and malondialdehyde(MDA)in both groups were significantly lower than those before treatment, the level of superoxide dismutase(SOD)was significantly higher than that before treatment, the levels of MMP-3 and MDA in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group, and the level of SOD in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was 6.82%, which showed no significant difference when compared to 13.95% in the control group(P>0.05). Conclusion Oxiracetam is effective in the treatment of patients with cognitive dysfunction after stroke, which can effectively improve the cytokines level and cognitive function and it has a higher safety.