Abstract: Objective To observe the clinical effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation(rTMS)combined with speech rehabilitation training in the treatment of aphasia after cerebral infarction. Methods A total of 120 patients with aphasia after cerebral infarction were collected, and were divided into speech training group(n=40), false stimulation group(n=40)and combination group(n=40)according to table method random, given conventional speech training, speech training combined with rTMS false stimulation, speech training combined with low frequency rTMS rehabilitation treatment, respectively. All patients were treated for 4 weeks. Before treatment and 4 weeks after treatment, the patients in the three groups were examined with complete Chinese aphasia(ABC)to evaluate the rehabilitation effect, Western Aphasia Battery(WAB)was used to calculate the aphasia index(AQ)score, functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI)was performed on the central activated brain area, and the activation of selected regions of interest(ROI)was compared. Results The total effective rates of in the combination group was 82.50%, which was significantly higher than 57.50% and 62.50% in the speech training group and false stimulation group(P<0.05). After treatment, AQ score of combination group was significantly higher than that of speech training group and - false stimulation group(P<0.05). FMRI findings showed that the activation rates of area one of sensorimotor cortex(SM1), occipital lobe, temporal lobe and basal nucleus in the combination group were significantly higher than those in the speech training group and the false stimulation group(P<0.05). Conclusion rTMS combined with speech rehabilitation training can activate the speech ared of patients with aphasia after cerebral infarction, relieve severity of aphasia, and promote the speech function of patients.