Abstract: Objective To explore the clinical significance of molybdenum target X-ray photography combined with ultrasound in screening early breast cancer. Methods A total of 80 patients with suspected early breast cancer were selected as study objects, and the results of molybdenum target X-ray photography, ultrasound and their combination examinations were compared. Results The accuracy rate of molybdenum target X-ray photography and ultrasound in combination was higher than that of molybdenum target X-ray photography or ultrasound alone in screening the tumor with diameter less than 1.5 cm(P<0.05); there were no significant differences in three methods in screening tumor with diameter more than 1.5 cm(P>0.05); the sensitivity and specificity of molybdenum target X-ray photography and ultrasound in combination were higher than those of molybdenum target X-ray photography or ultrasound alone(P<0.05). Conclusion In the early screening of breast cancer, molybdenum target X-ray photography and ultrasound in combination can improve accuracy rate, sensitivity and specificity.