Abstract: Objective To investigate the effect of failure mode and effect analysis(FMEA)on postoperative complications and the quality of wound healing in rectal cancer patients. Methods A total of 122 patients with rectal cancer treated by surgery were randomly divided into observation group and control group, with 61 cases in each group. The control group received routine intervention, and the observation group used FMEA intervention on the basis of the control group. The occurrence of complications and the quality of wound healing were compared between the two groups. Results During the intervention, the incidence of complications in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05). After intervention, the excellent rate of incision healing in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05). Conclusion FMEA intervention can effectively reduce the incidence of postoperative complications and improve the quality of wound healing in rectal cancer patients.