Abstract: Objective To observe the clinical effect of modified transvaginal sacrospinal ligament fixation in the treatment of female patients with pelvic organ prolapse. Methods Totally 60 patients with uterine prolapse and vaginal vault prolapse were divided into control group and study group according to the operation modes, with 30 cases in each group. The control group was treated with modified anterior vaginal wall bridge repair combined with posterior vaginal wall bridge repair, and the study group was treated with modified transvaginal sacrospinal ligament fixation on the basis of the control group. The patients were followed up for 0.5 year, 1.0 year and 3.0 years. The perioperative indexes, results of Quantitative Staging of Pelvic Organ Prolapse(POP-Q), and scores of Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory-Short Form 20(PFDI-20), Pelvic Organ Prolapse Questionnaire-12 for Quality of Life(PISQ-12)and Pelvic Floor Impact Questionnaire-Short Form 7(PFIQ-7)were compared between the two groups. Results The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative pain score, length of hospital stay and hospitalization expenses of the study group were better than those of the control group, but there were no significant differences between two groups(P>0.05). The results of POP-Q at 0.5 year, 1.0 year and 3.0 years after operation were significantly changed compared with those before operation(P<0.05). Scores of PFDI-20 and PFIQ-7 at 0.5 year, 1.0 year and 3.0 years after operation in both groups were significantly lower than those before operation, while PISQ-12 was significantly higher than that before operation, and PFDI-20, PFIQ-7 and PISQ-12 in study group were significantly better than those in control group at 0.5 year, 1.0 year and 3.0 years after operation(P<0.05). Conclusion Modified transvaginal sacrospinal ligament fixation can significantly improve the - quality of life and reduce the anxiety and depression in patients with pelvic organ prolapse.