Abstract: Objective To observe the clinical effect of different types of immunosuppressive agents in treating adult patients with primary immune thrombocytopenia(ITP). Methods A total of 120 patients with ITP were divided into cyclophosphamide group, danazol group, rituximab group and ciclosporin group, with 30 cases in each group. The cyclophosphamide group was treated with cyclophosphamide, the danazol group was treated with danazol capsules, rituximab group was treated with rituximab, and ciclosporin group was treated with ciclosporin. The short -term and long -term efficacy of the four groups were compared. Results From high to low, the short-term efficacy of the four groups was ciclosporin group, rituximab group, cyclophosphamide group and danazol group, and the long-term efficacy of the four groups were rituximab group, ciclosporin group, cyclophosphamide group as well as danazol group, and the differences of total effective rate between the four groups were statistically significant(P< 0.05). Conclusion The efficacy of rituximab and ciclosporin in treatment of ITP are better than cyclophosphamide and danazol.