Abstract: Diabetes, a chronic metabolic disease, has the manifestations of chronic complications featured by complexity and difficulty in cure, and a far-reaching impact on the lives and work of patients. Therefore, its prevention and treatment of chronic complications has been paid more and more clinical attention. In addition to genetic and dietary factors, the incidence of diabetes is also related to the internal and external environment. As an environmental factor, gut microbiome are closely related to the development of diabetes andaffect prognosis of diabetes complications. This study summarized the relationship between intestinal bacteria and chronic complications of diabetes, and analyzed the interactions of “diabetes-gut microbiota-inflammatory factors-diabetic complications”, aiming to provide a reference for improving diabetes and its associated chronic complications by regulating the intestinal bacteria.