Abstract: The incidence of coronary artery disease (CAD) is increasing year by year. Early detection of CAD and early intervention in high risk groups can improve the prognosis of patients. There is an important relationship between carotid as well as lower limb atherosclerosis and the occurrence, development and prognosis of CAD. Combined evaluation of carotid and lower limb atherosclerosis can not only assist in the identification of CAD and reflect its severity, but also predict the risk of adverse cardiovascular events in CAD patients and those with myocardial revascularization, thereby improving secondary prevention measures in high-risk populations. Vascular ultrasound is the main method of noninvasive evaluation of atherosclerosis. This paper reviewed the role, research progress of carotid and lower limb atherosclerosis, and their combined evaluation in diagnosis and prognosis of CAD.