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新疆维吾尔自治区阿合奇县地区学龄期儿童缺铁性贫血现状及影响因素分析

Status of anemia of school-age children in Aheqi Countyof Xinjiang and its influencing factors

    摘要
  • 摘要:
      目的  观察新疆维吾尔自治区（简称新疆）阿合奇县地区学龄期儿童缺铁性贫血（IDA）发生情况并分析其影响因素。
      方法  采用多阶段随机抽样方法于2021年2—12月在新疆阿合奇县地区1个镇（3个社区）、5乡2场（共23个行政村委会）中抽取1 258名学龄期儿童作为调查对象，统计学龄期儿童的相关资料；调查新疆阿合奇县地区学龄期儿童IDA患病现状，并采用Logistic回归分析探讨新疆阿合奇县地区学龄期儿童IDA的影响因素。
      结果  1 258名新疆阿合奇县地区学龄期儿童中，442名儿童（患病组）患有不同程度IDA，IDA患病率为35.14%（442/1 258），816名儿童（未患病组）未患IDA；患病组居住地为乡村者、婴儿期母乳喂养者、饮食以囊或抓饭为主者、经常或每日喝奶茶者、幽门螺杆菌（Hp）感染阳性者占比均高于未患病组，添加辅食时间晚于未患病组，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）；2组儿童其他资料比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。Logistics回归分析结果显示，居住地为乡村、婴儿期母乳喂养、添加辅食时间较晚、饮食以囊或抓饭为主、经常或每日喝奶茶、Hp感染阳性是新疆阿合奇县学龄期儿童发生IDA的危险因素（OR>1，P < 0.05）。
      结论  新疆阿合奇县地区学龄期儿童IDA患病率较高，可能受儿童的居住地、婴儿期喂养方式、添加辅食时间、饮食结构、喝奶茶情况和Hp感染情况的影响。

     

    Abstract:
      Objective  To observe the occurrence of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in school-age children in Aheqi County of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (Xinjiang), and to analyze its influencing factors.
      Methods  Multistage random sampling was used to collect 1 258 school-age children in two investigations from one town (3 communities) and 5 townships (23 administrative village committees) in Aheqi County of Xinjiang from February to December 2021, relevant data of school-age children were counted. The prevalence of IDA in school-age children in Aheqi County of Xinjiang was investigated, and Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of IDA of school-age children in Aheqi County of Xinjiang.
      Results  There were 442 cases(illness group) with different degrees of IDA in 1 258 school-age children in Aheqi County of Xinjiang, the prevalence of IDA was 35.14% (442/1 258), and 816 children (non-diseased group) did not develop IDA. The proportions of children living in rural areas, given breastfeeding in infancy, mainly intake of flatbread and pilaf in Xinjiang, drinking milk tea frequently or every day, and positive for Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection in the illness group were higher than those in the non-diseased group, and the time of adding supplementary food was later than that of children in the non-diseased group, the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). There was no statistical significant difference in other data between two groups (P>0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that living in rural areas, breastfeeding in infancy, addition of supplementary food in late period, diet based on flatbread and pilaf, regular or daily drinking milk tea and positive for Hp infection were the risk factors of IDA among school-age children in Aheqi County of Xinjiang (OR>1, P < 0.05).
      Conclusion  The prevalence of IDA in school-age children in Aheqi County of Xinjiang is high, which may be affected by children's place of residence, feeding mode in infancy, time of supplementary feeding, dietary structure, drinking milk tea and Hp infection.

     

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