Abstract: Periprosthetic fracture after unicompartment knee arthroplasty (UKA) is harmful and complicated to treat, which may not only affect the therapeutic effect, but also cause the prosthesis failure, and then lead to the revision of joints. Therefore, it is of great significance for prognosis improvement of patients to fully understand the risk factors of periprosthetic fractures after UKA and take preventive and treatment measures. In this paper, the research progress of risk factors of periprosthetic fractures after UKA were summarized, and prevention and treatment measures were discussed to provide evidence for reducing the incidence of periprosthetic fractures after UKA and improving the prognosis of patients.