Abstract: Oxytocin is a commonly used drug for the prevention and treatment of uterine atony, which can be injected intramuscularly or intravenously. Improper use of oxytocin can cause adverse cardiovascular reactions, such as hypotension, tachycardia and myocardial ischemia. Slow intravenous injection of low dose oxytocin can alleviate the changes of maternal hemodynamics. In gynecological and obstetric surgery, we should pay close attention to the changes of hemodynamics when using oxytocin, especially in patients with hemodynamic instability before operation. This study reviewed the application of oxytocin in gynecological and obstetric surgery and its effect on cardiovascular system, so as to provide reference for the rational application of oxytocin.