Objective To explore the characteristics of pathogen infection and drug resistance in patients with perianal abscess.

Methods Bacteria were isolated and identified from the pus of 134 patients with perianal abscess (60 cases with high perianal abscess and 74 cases with low perianal abscess). Drug sensitivity test was performed by kirby-bauer, and the distribution of pathogenic bacteria, the results of drug sensitivity test and the detection results of multidrug resistant bacteria were analyzed retrospectively.

Results The total effective rate of perianal abscess was 96.27%, 75 cases were cured, 54 cases were improved, and 5 cases were not cured. Among 134 specimens, 138 strains of pathogenic bacteria were cultured, there were 130 samples of single bacterial growth and 4 samples of two kinds of bacterial growth; there were 124 strains (89.86%) of Gram-negative bacteria and 14 strains (10.14%) of Gram-positive bacteria; among Gram-negative bacteria, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were the main types, with 89 strains (71.77%) and 18 strains (14.52%) respectively; among Gram-positive bacteria, Streptococcus was the main type. Among Gram-negative bacteria, piperacillin had the highest resistance rate (74.65%), and the resistance rates of ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, cefotaxime and cefazolin were all over 50%; the resistance rate of Escherichia coli to gentamicin, cefotaxime, cefazolin and piperacillin was higher than 60%. Among Gram-positive bacteria, the sensitivity rate of vancomycin was 100%, and its resistance rate to erythromycin, tetracycline, clindamycin, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin was higher than 50%.A total of 12 strains of bacteria producing extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) were detected, including 2 strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae and 10 strains of Escherichia coli, and the incidence of multidrug resistant bacteria was 8.70%.

Conclusion Patients with perianal abscess are mainly infected by Gram-negative bacteria, and Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae are the main types. In order to reduce the infection of multidrug resistant bacteria, antibiotics should be used reasonably according to the results of drug sensitivity test of perianal abscess.