Objective To investigate the related risk factors of infectious endophthalmitis after open globe injury.

Methods A retrospective case-control study design was adopted to collect the clinical materials of 216 hospitalized patients (216 eyes) with open globe injury from January 2017 to December 2021 in Taizhou City People's Hospital. According to the occurrence of infectious endophthalmitis, 33 cases were enrolled into endophthalmitis group and 183 cases were enrolled into non-endophthalmitis group, and the relationships of clinical features such as age, gender, location of eyes, trauma type, wound closure, wound suture time, location of wounds, type of intraocular foreign body (IOFB), prolapse of iris, rupture of anterior lens capsule, rupture of lens suspension ligament, vitreous overflow and fasting blood glucose with incidence of infectious endophthalmitis were analyzed.

Results Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences in gender, injury type, wound closure, location of wound, type of IOFB, rupture of anterior lens capsule and fasting blood glucose between the endophthalmitis group and the non-endophthalmitis group (P < 0.05). Conditional stepwise Logistic regression analysis showed that penetrating injury of IOFB (OR=3.504, 95%CI, 1.382 to 8.885), rupture of anterior lens capsule (OR=4.547, 95%CI, 1.717 to 12.040) and fasting blood glucose ≥ 6.1 mmol/L (OR=15.012, 95%CI, 5.683 to 39.656) were the risk factors of infectious endophthalmitis.

Conclusion Penetrating injury of IOFB, rupture of anterior lens capsule and fasting blood glucose ≥ 6.1 mmol/L are the related risk factors of infectious endophthalmitis after open globe injury, and it is recommended that prophylactic systemic antibiotic treatment or intravitreal antibiotic injection should be given to improve the prognosis.