Objective  To systematically evaluate the prevalence and influence factors of mild cognitive impairment in patients with carotid artery stenosis.

Methods  Embase, PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CMB, CNKI, VIP and WANFANG DATA were retrieved. Studies on mild cognitive impairment with carotid artery stenosis were collected, and the search period was from the establishment of the database to June 2022. Stata 16.0 software was used for meta-analysis and descriptive analysis of influencing factors.

Results  A total of 12 articles were included, including 3 447 patients. Meta-analysis showed that the prevalence of mild cognitive impairment in patients with carotid artery stenosis was 32% (95%CI, 27% to 37%). Subgroup analysis showed that the prevalence of mild cognitive impairment was the highest in patients with carotid artery stenosis aged 60 to 70 years, and the prevalence of mild cognitive impairment in males was higher than that in females, and the prevalence of mild cognitive impairment showed an increasing trend in recent years. Descriptive analysis showed that age, sex, hypercholesterolemia, degree of carotid artery stenosis, hyperglycemia, smoking, drinking, education level, hypertension, atrial fibrillation and hyperlipidemia were the influencing factors for mild cognitive impairment in patients with carotid artery stenosis.

Conclusion  The prevalence of mild cognitive impairment is higher in patients with carotid artery stenosis, and factors such as old age, male, chronic disease as well as low education level can increase the risk of occurrence mild cognitive impairment in patients with carotid artery stenosis.