Effect of sarcopenia on early postoperative clinical prognosis of patients with gastric cancer
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摘要:目的
探讨肌少症对胃癌患者的术后早期临床预后的影响。
方法选取行根治性胃切除术的胃癌患者189例为研究对象,根据2019年亚洲肌少症工作组(AWGS)推荐肌少症诊断标准分为肌少症组41例和非肌少症组148例。比较2组一般临床特征。分析肌少症对胃癌患者主要和次要临床结局的影响,以及根治性胃癌切除术后早期并发症的独立危险因素。
结果与非肌少症组相比,肌少症组患者年龄、查尔森合并症指数(CCI)、C反应蛋白(CRP)水平、美国麻醉医师协会(ASA)分级高于非肌少症组,体质量指数(BMI)以及白蛋白、血红白水平低于非肌少症组(P < 0.05或P < 0.01或P < 0.001)。肌少症组术后总早期并发症发生率高于非肌少症组,差异有统计学意义(36.6%、14.9%、P=0.002)。肌少症组术后住院时间长于非肌少症组,总住院费用高于非肌少症组,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05或P < 0.01)。
结论肌少症是根治性胃癌切除术后早期并发症的独立危险因素。
Abstract:ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of sarcopenia on early postoperative clinical prognosis in patients with gastric cancer.
MethodsA total of 189 gastric cancer patients who underwent radical gastrectomy were selected as the study subjects. According to the diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia recommended by the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) in 2019, they were divided into the sarcopenia group (41 cases) and the non-sarcopenia group (148 cases). The general clinical features of the two groups were compared. The effects of sarcopenia on primary and secondary clinical outcomes in patients with gastric cancer, and independent risk factors for early complications after radical gastrectomy were analyzed.
ResultsAge, Charson Comorbidities Index (CCI), C-reactive protein (CRP) level, and American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grade were significantly higher in the sarcopenia group, body mass index (BMI) and albumin and hemoglobin levels were significantly lower than those in the non-sarcopenia group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01 or P < 0.001). The incidence of postoperative total early complications in the sarcopenia group was significantly higher than that in the non-sarcopenia group (36.6% versus 14.9%, P=0.002). The postoperative hospital stay in the sarcopenia group was significantly longer than that in the non-sarcopenia group, and the total hospital cost was significantly higher than that in the non-sarcopenia group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01).
ConclusionSarcopenia is an independent risk factor for early complications after radical gastrectomy.
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Keywords:
- gastric cancer /
- sarcopenia /
- gastrectomy /
- prognosis /
- complications /
- skeletal muscle index
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表 1 患者一般临床特征(x±s)[M(Q25, Q75)][n(%)]
变量 总体(n=189) 肌少症组(n=41) 非肌少症组(n=148) P 年龄/岁 68.0(60.0, 71.5) 70.0(61.5, 74.5) 67. 0(60.0, 71.0) 0.026 性别 0.939 男 130(38.8) 28(68.3) 102(68.9) 女 59(31.2) 13(31.7) 46(31.1) 体质量指数/(kg/m2) 23.4±3.7 20.9±2.4 24.1±3.6 < 0.001 吸烟 0.400 是 80(42.3) 15(36.6) 65(43.9) 否 109(57.7) 26(63.4) 83(56.1) 饮酒 0.110 是 61(32.3) 9(22.0) 52(35.1) 否 128(67.7) 32(78.0) 96(64.9) CCI 0.001 0 146(77.2) 24(58.5) 122(82.4) ≥1 43(22.8) 17(41.5) 26(17.6) NRS-2002≥3分 122(64.6) 36(87.8) 86(58.1) < 0.001 CRP/(mg/L) 0.8(0.5, 2.5) 1.4(0.5, 7.5) 0.7(0.5, 2.1) 0.028 血红蛋白/(g/L) 120.0(104.0, 135.0) 110.0(95.5, 130.0) 122.5(109.0, 136.8) 0.033 白蛋白/(g/L) 37.2±4.3 37.6±4.2 35.9±4.3 0.027 NLR 2.3(1.7, 3.4) 2.4(1.9, 3.8) 2.2(1.6, 3.2) 0.158 L3 SMI/(cm2/m2) 44.9±7.7 36.0±3.8 47.3±6.7 < 0.001 握力/kg 32.6±8.8 28.9±6.8 33.6±9.0 0.001 6米步行速度/(m/s) 1.1±0.1 1.1±0.1 1.1±0.1 0.006 5次起坐时间/s 12.5(11.4, 14.0) 13.5(12.3, 14.7) 12.1(11.1, 13.7) < 0.001 ASA分级 0.023 Ⅰ~Ⅱ级 145(76.7) 26(63.4) 119(80.4) Ⅲ级 44(23.3) 15(36.6) 29(19.6) 腹部手术史 0.863 有 34(18.0) 7(17.1) 27(18.2) 无 155(82.0) 34(82.9) 121(81.8) 腹腔镜手术 0.085 是 163(86.2) 32(78.0) 131(88.5) 否 26(13.8) 9(22.0) 17(11.5) 胃切除方式 0.777 远端胃 65(34.4) 16(39.0) 49(33.1) 全胃 95(50.3) 19(46.3) 76(51.4) 近端胃 29(15.3) 6(14.6) 23(15.5) 手术时间/min 240. 0(190.0, 292.5) 240. 0(172.5, 300.0) 244.0(190.0, 290.0) 0.825 肿瘤大小/cm 4.0(2.8, 5.5) 4.0(3.3, 6.0) 4.0(2.7, 5.5) 0.341 分化程度 0.250 低 96(50.8) 23(56.1) 73(49.3) 中 81(43.9) 18(43.9) 65(43.9) 高 10(5.3) 0 10(6.8) TNM分期 0.454 Ⅰ期 51(27.0) 8(19.5) 43(29.1) Ⅱ期 49(25.9) 11(26.8) 38(25.7) Ⅲ期 89(47.1) 22(53.7) 67(45.2) CCI: 查尔森合并症指数; NRS-2002: 2002营养风险筛评分; CRP: C反应蛋白; NLR: 中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值; L3 SMI: 第3腰椎骨骼肌指数; ASA: 美国麻醉医师协会。 表 2 肌少症对胃癌患者主要和次要临床结局的影响[n(%)]
临床结局 总体(n=189) 肌少症组(n=41) 非肌少症组(n=148) P 总并发症 37(19.6) 15(36.6) 22(14.9) 0.002 Grade Ⅱ 29(15.3) 12(29.3) 17(11.5) 0.005 Grade Ⅲ 6(3.2) 2(4.9) 4(2.7) 0.842 Grade Ⅳ 2(1.1) 1(2.4) 1(0.7) 0.909 具体并发症 肺部感染 20(10.6) 10(24.4) 10(6.8) 0.003 腹腔感染 5(2.6) 1(2.4) 4(2.7) 1.000 尿路感染 1(0.5) 1(2.4) 0 0.217 胰瘘 2(1.1) 1(2.4) 1(0.7) 0.388 出血 2(1.1) 0 2(1.4) 1.000 肠梗阻 1(0.5) 0 1(0.7) 1.000 吻合口瘘 2(1.1) 1(2.4) 1(0.7) 0.388 胃瘫 3(1.6) 1(2.4) 2(1.4) 1.000 吻合口狭窄 1(0.5) 0 1(0.7) 1.000 再入院 7(3.7) 2(4.9) 5(3.4) 0.653 术后住院时间/d 11(8.0, 13.0) 12(9.0, 15.0) 10(8.0, 12.8) 0.007 总住院费用/元人民币 54 198.1(49 845.6, 59 659.5) 57 402.7(51 046.0, 66 658.6) 53 422.6(49 745.2, 59 044.9) 0.015 表 3 术后并发症单因素与多因素分析
因素 单因素分析 多因素分析 并发症(n=37) 无并发症(n=152) P OR(95%CI) P 年龄/岁 70.0(64.0, 72.0) 67.0(60.0, 71.0) 0.099 1.032(0.977, 1.091) 0.259 性别 0.566 男 24(64.9) 106(69.7) 女 13(35.1) 46(30.3) 体质量指数/(kg/m2) 22.6±4.9 23.6±3.3 0.304 吸烟 0.538 是 14(37.8) 66(43.4) 否 23(62.2) 86(56.6) 饮酒 0.712 是 11(29.7) 50(32.9) 否 26(70.3) 102(67.1) CCI 0.799 0 28(75.7) 118(77.6) ≥1 9(24.3) 34(22.4) NRS-2002≥3分 0.050 1.417(0.547, 6.675) 0.473 是 29(78.4) 93(61.2) 否 8(21.6) 59(38.8) CRP/(mg/L) 1.5(0.5, 3.7) 0.8(0.5, 2.2) 0.156 血红蛋白/(g/L) 113.0(95.5, 132.0) 121.5(105.0, 135.8) 0.186 白蛋白/(g/L) 36.4±5.1 37.4±4.1 0.191 NLR 2.3(1.8, 3.4) 2.3(1.7, 3.4) 0.750 肌少症 0.002 3.100(1.296, 7.415) 0.011 是 15(40.5) 26(17.1) 否 22(59.5) 126(82.9) ASA分级 0.142 Ⅰ~Ⅱ级 25(67.6) 120(78.9) Ⅲ级 12(32.4) 32(21.1) 腹部手术史 0.263 有 9(24.3) 25(16.4) 无 28(75.7) 127(83.6) 腹腔镜手术 0.628 是 31(83.8) 132(86.9) 否 6(16.2) 20(13.2) 胃切除方式 0.253 远端胃 9(24.3) 56(36.8) 全胃 23(62.2) 72(47.4) 近端胃 5(13.5) 24(15.8) 手术时间/min 295.0(240.0, 315.0) 235.0(181.0, 280.3) < 0.001 1.011(1.005, 1.018) 0.001 术中输血量≥400 mL 11(29.7) 18(11.8) 0.007 1.970(0.757, 5.128) 0.165 肿瘤大小/cm 4.5(3.0, 5.8) 4(2.5, 5.5) 0.195 分化程度 0.217 低 18(48.6) 78(51.3) 中 19(51.4) 64(42.1) 高 0 10(6.6) TNM分期 0.510 Ⅰ期 10(27.0) 41(27.0) Ⅱ期 7(18.9) 42(27.6) Ⅲ期 20(54.1) 69(45.4) CCI: 查尔森合并症指数; NRS-2002: 2002营养风险筛评分; CRP: C反应蛋白; NLR: 中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值; ASA: 美国麻醉医师协会。 -
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