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FOXO1、SMAD4在食管癌组织中的表达水平及其与临床病理特征和预后的关系

Expression levels of FOXO1 and SMAD4 in esophageal cancer tissues and their relationships with clinicopathological features and prognosis

    摘要
  • 摘要:
    目的 探讨食管癌(EC)组织中FOXO1和SMAD4的表达水平及其与临床病理特征和预后的关系。
    方法 收集131例EC患者癌组织和癌旁组织标本。采用苏木精-伊红(HE)染色观察EC组织和癌旁组织病理形态。采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(qRT-PCR)测定FOXO1 mRNA、SMAD4 mRNA表达; 采用免疫组化法测定FOXO1和SMAD4蛋白表达; 采用Spearman相关性分析法分析EC组织中FOXO1和SMAD4蛋白表达的相关性; 采用Cox回归分析法分析EC患者预后的影响因素; 采用Kaplan-Meier分析法进行EC患者生存分析。
    结果 EC组织中FOXO1 mRNA表达及其蛋白阳性表达率高于癌旁组织, SMAD4 mRNA表达及其蛋白阳性表达率低于癌旁组织, 差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。FOXO1、SMAD4与患者肿瘤直径、肿瘤分化程度、淋巴结转移、TNM分期有关(P < 0.05)。EC组织中FOXO1与SMAD4表达呈负相关(r=-0.419, P < 0.05)。FOXO1、SMAD4、肿瘤直径、分化程度、淋巴结转移、TNM分期是EC患者死亡的影响因素(P < 0.05)。EC患者3年总生存率为84.73%(111/131)。EC组织中FOXO1阳性表达患者3年累积生存率低于FOXO1阴性表达患者，差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05); SMAD4阳性表达患者3年累积生存率高于SMAD4阴性表达患者，差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。
    结论 EC组织中FOXO1阳性表达率较高, SMAD4阳性表达率较低，二者蛋白表达与患者临床病理特征和预后有关。FOXO1、SMAD4或可作为预测EC预后的重要标志物。

     

    Abstract:
    Objective To investigate the expression levels of FOXO1 and SMAD4 in esophageal cancer (EC) tissues and their associations with clinicopathological features and prognosis.
    Methods Tissue samples of cancerous and adjacent non-cancerous tissues were collected from 131 EC patients. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was performed to observe the pathological morphology of EC and adjacent tissues. The mRNA expression of FOXO1 and SMAD4 was measured using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), while the protein expression of FOXO1 and SMAD4 was determined by immunohistochemistry; Spearman's correlation analysis was employed to assess the correlation between FOXO1 and SMAD4 protein expression in EC tissues; Cox regression analysis was conducted to analyze factors influencing the prognosis of EC patients; Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to perform survival analysis for EC patients.
    Results The expression of FOXO1 mRNA and its protein positive expression rate were significantly higher in the EC tissues than those in the adjacent tissues, whereas the expression of SMAD4 mRNA and its protein positive expression rate were significantly lower (P < 0.05). FOXO1 and SMAD4 were associated with tumor diameter, tumor differentiation, lymph node metastasis and TNM stage (P < 0.05). A negative correlation was observed between FOXO1 and SMAD4 protein expression in EC tissues (r=-0.419, P < 0.05). FOXO1, SMAD4, tumor diameter, differentiation, lymph node metastasis and TNM stage were identified as factors influencing mortality in EC patients (P < 0.05). The 3-year overall survival rate of EC patients was 84.73% (111/131). The 3-year cumulative survival rate was significantly lower in the EC patients with positive FOXO1 expression than in thosewith negative FOXO1 expression (P < 0.05), while it was significantly higher in patients with positive SMAD4 expression than in those with negative SMAD4 expression (P < 0.05).
    Conclusion The positive expression rate of FOXO1 is higher, while that of SMAD4 is lower in EC tissues. Their protein expressions were associated with clinicopathological features and prognosis in EC patients. FOXO1 and SMAD4 may serve as important biomarkers for predicting the prognosis of EC.

     

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