Abstract: Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of bladder tumor endoscopic submucosal dissection(BT-ESD)in the treatment of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. Methods A total of 62 patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer were randomly divided into three treatment groups: transurethral resection of bladder tumor(TURBT)group, transurethral holmium laser resection of bladder tumor(HOLRBT)group, and BT-ESD. The surgical conditions and curative effects of three groups were observed. Results All three groups successfully completed the operations. Perioperative bleeding amount during surgery in the BT-ESD group was significanlly less, indwelling time and postoperative hospital stay were significantly shorter than the other two groups(P<0.05). Obturator nerve reflex occurred in 13 cases in the TURBT group, and 3 cases in the BT-ESD group, bladder perforation in 2 cases in the TURBT group, and 1 case in HOLRBT group. The incidence of complications in the BT-ESD group was significantly lower than that in the TURBT group(P<0.05). The patients in the BT-ESD group had accurate tumor staging, and their postoperative and in situ recurrence rate were significantly lower than those in the TURBT group(P<0.05). Conclusion BT-ESD has less trauma, higher safety, less pain, complete tumor resection, accurate tumor staging, and lower recurrence rate in the treatment of superficial bladder tumors.