Abstract: Chronic heart failure, a severe disease threatening human health, has complex pathogenesis and higher incidence rate as well as mortality rate. Traditional Chinese medicine presents unique advantages in treating the disease. At present, the researches have obtained more in-depth understanding of chronic heart failure, and their findings showed that neurohumoral control, inflammatory response, ventricular remodeling, oxidative stress, vascular endothelial function and myocardial energy metabolism are closely related to the occurrence and progress of the disease. Through the analysis of the etiology and pathogenesis of chronic heart failure, and in the perspective of multi-mechanism, multi-link, multi-target, multi-dimension, pharmacological mechanism as well as research progress of traditional Chinese medical treatment were reviewed so as to provide a reliable reference for improving the clinical treatment program.