Nursing skill training of caregivers of senile dementia patients at home

Objective To observe the preventive effect of nursing skills training for family members on the complications and accidents of dementia patients at home. Methods A total of 80 patients with dementia were divided into control group and study group by simple random number table method, with 40 cases in each group. The control group was given basic nursing intervention such as oral guidance and health education at discharge. The study group developed a perfect out of hospital nursing plan on the basis of the control group, focusing on strengthening the training of home nursing skills for the caregivers of the family members, all patients were followed up for 12 months. The common complications and the occurrence of accidents during home follow-up were compared between the two groups. Results Pressure sores, infection, stomatitis, limb disuse atrophy and other complications occurred in both groups, but there was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of pressure sores, stomatitis, limb disuse atrophy(P>0.05). The infection rate of the study group was 5.00%, which was lower than 20.00% in the control group, and the total complication rate of the study group was 12.50%, which was lower than 32.50% in the control group, the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). Scald, accidental ingestion(inhalation), fall, fracture and agitation were observed in both groups, and there was no statistically significant difference in the incidence - of scald, fracture and agitation between the two groups(P>0.05). The incidence of accidental ingestion (inhalation), falls and total incidence rate in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P< 0.05). Conclusion Nursing skill training for the family members of dementia patients can effectively decrease the incidence of complications, reduce the occurrence of accidents, improve home safety and the quality of life.