Objective To establish animal and finite element models by using different osteotome techniques (screw and percussion), and to study the biomechanical properties of implants.
Methods Clinical implant surgery was simulated on condyles of femur of dog, the primary preparation cavity of the cancellous bone was made by pioneer drilling, cancellous bone of the implant sockets was squeezed using screw and percussion techniques, then implants of the same size were inserted. Samples were taken at 1 week, 2, 4 and 12 weeks after the animal surgery, and push-out tests of implants were conducted. The finite element models of the two osteotme techniques were established, and the horizontal stresses were loaded on the crown. The differences of the stability of the implants were compared.
Results In the experiment of implant extruding, the implant with screw extrusion showed better mechanical properties. The results of finite element analysis showed that under the effect of the same horizontal load, the movement of the implant using percussion techniques was smaller.
Conclusion Implants by screw extrusion have obvious advantages in the resistance to vertical forces compared with those by percussive extrusion.
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