Objective To explore the efficacy of two approaches in treating complex tibial plateau fractures and their influence on varus angle and caster angle of tibial plateau.
Methods A total of 109 patients with complex tibial plateau fractures were selected and divided into observation group (79 cases with treatment of internal and external approach) and control group (30 cases with treatment of posterior approach). Varus angle, caster angle of tibial plateau and motion of knee joint were measured immediately, 6 months and 1 year after operation, the therapeutic effect was assessed by Rasmussen score, and the postoperative complications were observed.
Results The varus angle and caster angle immediately after operation in the observation group were significantly larger than those in the control group (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in varus angles and caster angles 6 months and 1 year after operation and motion of knee joint 1 year after operation between the two groups (P>0.05). The excellent and good rate of the observation group was 88.61%, which was significantly higher than that 80.00% of the control group (P < 0.05). The operation time and the amount of bleeding in the observation group were significantly longer and larger than those in the control group, while the fracture healing time was significantly shorter than that in the control group (P < 0.05). No serious complications occurred in both groups.
Conclusion The internal and external approaches are effective in the treatment of complex tibial plateau fractures, which can significantly improve the varus angle and caster angle of tibial plateau.
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