Objective To explore the correlation between dynamic changes of cytokines and condition of disease in patients with simple diabetic retinopathy (DR).
Methods A total of 222 patients with simple DR in authors' hospital from October 2020 to March 2021 were prospectively selected as the research objects, and they were divided into proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) group and non-PDR group according to the disease outcome after a year of follow up. General materials and cytokine levels were compared between the two groups, and the multivariate Logistic regression model was used to analyze the related factors affecting the condition of disease in patients with simple DR.
Results Up to April, 2022, 5 cases were lost during follow-up, and 217 cases were finally included, with a follow-up rate of 97.75%; among the 217 cases, 61 cases (28.11%) with PDR were selected as PDR group, and 156 cases (71.89%) without PDR were selected as non-PDR group. There were significant differences in the change rates of serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), interleukin-18 (IL-18) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) between the two groups (P < 0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that change rate of after 1 year follow-up and according to the outcome of the disease vascular endothelial growth factor VEGF (OR=1.054, 95%CI, 1.047 to 1.061), change rate of IL-18 (OR=1.163, 95%CI, 1.150 to 1.175) and change rate of IL-1β (OR= 1.132, 95%CI, 1.120 to 1.144) were the risk factors for the progression of simple DR (P < 0.001).
Conclusion The dynamic changes of VEGF, IL-1β and IL-18 are related to the change of disease in patients with simple DR.
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