Clinical characteristics and prognosis of prediabetic patients with cerebral hemorrhage

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics and long-term prognosis of patients with prediabetic cerebral hemorrhage.

Methods One hundred and sixty-five patients with intracerebral hemorrhage were retrospectively analyzed. According to the blood glucose levels, patients were classified as prediabetes group(n=56) and normal glucose metabolism group(n=109). The baseline data and clinical characteristics were compared between two groups. The modified Rankin scale(mRS) was used to evaluate the prognosis at 1 year poststroke.

Results The poor prognosis of intracerebral hemorrhage was related to age, hematoma volume, ventricle rupture, hematoma enlargement, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, concurrent infection, C-reactive protein (CRP), fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), etc. Compared with the normal glucose metabolism group, in addition to the increased HbA1c after admission, the baseline data of the prediabetic group showed no statistically significant difference. However, after intracerebral hemorrhage, the prediabetic group had larger hematoma volume, higher NIHSS score, higher incidence of rupturing into ventricle and accompanying infection. The incidence of poor prognosis in the prediabetic group was higher than that in the normal glucose metabolism group (71.43% versus 32.11%, P < 0.05).

Conclusion Prediabetic patients with cerebral hemorrhage have more severe condition and worse prognosis. Clinical attention should be paid to clinical manifestations in patients with prediabetic cerebral hemorrhage.