Effects of chloroquine drugs on ionic channels of myocardial cells

Chloroquine has played a pivotal role in the treatment of malaria. Recently, with the development of clinical application, they are increasingly recognized for their effectiveness in other aspects, such as anti-inflammation, immunosuppression, anti-amoebic effects and so on. In the outbreak of the new coronavirus infection, chloroquine and its derivative hydroxychloroquine swiftly included in the treatment of infected patients in many countries. However, several studies have shown these drugs have some detrimental influence, especially in cardiac arrhythmia (prolonged the QT interval and increased risk of torsional ventricular tachycardia). Thus, we should pay attention to both their beneficial effects and potential adverse manifestation. In order to regulate the use of drugs and guide the clinic, this paper reviewed the electrophysiological basis and clinical characteristics of cardiac adverse reactions of these drugs from the perspective of ion channels.