Chinese expert consensus of ketogenic diet intervention for polycystic ovary syndrome (2022 revision)

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common gynecological endocrine diseases in women of childbearing age. Ketogenic diet (KD) is a dietary structure that is characterized by low carbohydrate, high fat and moderate protein. In 2019, the expert group organized a team consisted of gynecotokologists and nutritionists to jointly formulate and release the Chinese Expert Consensus on Ketogenic Diet as Medical Prescription in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (2018). Since a number of new clinical data on the safety and application of KD therapy have been obtained in the past five years, the expert group decided to revise and update Chinese Expert Consensus on Ketogenic Diet as Medical Prescription in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (2018). The main updates are as follows: ① to update the epidemiological data of PCOS in China; ② to increase the clinical evidence of metabolic syndrome and dietary intervention in PCOS patients; ③ to add evidence-based and new clinical trial evidence of KD in improving PCOS; ④ to increase the evidence based on evidence-based medicine in impacts of KD on PCOS-associated metabolic syndrome; ⑤ to provide evidence in short-term and long-term efficacy and safety of KD; ⑥ to increase the application and safety evidence of low calorie ketogenic diet (LCKD) in PCOS; ⑦ to increase the evidence of effects by commonly used drugs combined with KD intervention for PCOS; ⑧ to improve the indications, contraindications, adverse reactions and countermeasures during KD intervention in PCOS; ⑨ to improve the selection of food types and provide suggestions on operation methods.