Effect of Coronavirus Disease 2019 infection on B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Patients with B-cell lymphoma may experience immunodeficiency due to the disease itself and its treatment, making them a high-risk group for susceptibility and severe outcomes of COVID-19. Therefore, it is crucial to analyze the baseline characteristics of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma patients diagnosed with COVID-19, investigate common risk factors, evaluate the efficacy of vaccination and assess the immune deficiencies induced by immunotherapy, particularly CD20 monoclonal antibodies. For B-cell NHL patients with COVID-19, an individualized assessment of risk factors is necessary. This review discussed the immune response of lymphoma patients to COVID-19, summarized the characteristics of lymphoma patients following COVID-19, analyzed the vaccine effectiveness in this population, and explored the impact of COVID-19 on the onset and anti-tumor treatment of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma, along with associated risk factors, aiming to provide recommendations for formulating treatment strategies and clinical management.