Objective To analyze the correlation between serum oxidative stress indicators and cognitive dysfunction in patients with sleep disorders accompanied by anxiety and depression.
Methods A total of 196 patients with sleep disorders accompanied by anxiety and depression in the hospital from April 2021 to April 2023 were selected as research objects, and serum malondialdehyde (MDA), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and γ-glutamyltransferase (γ-GGT) levels were measured in all the patients. Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (MoCA) was used to evaluate patients' cognitive function, and based on MoCA score, they were divided into cognitive dysfunction group (n=80) and non-cognitive dysfunction group (n=116). Pearson correlation analysis was used to explore the correlations of serum MDA, T-SOD, IL-6 and γ-GGT levels with Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score. Spearman rank correlation analysis was used to explore the correlations of serum MDA, T-SOD, IL-6 and γ-GGT levels with cognitive dysfunction in patients with sleep disorders accompanied by anxiety and depression. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the values of serum MDA, T-SOD, IL-6 and γ-GGT in assessing cognitive dysfunction in patients with sleep disorders accompanied by anxiety and depression.
Results Serum MDA, IL-6 and γ-GGT levels as well as PSQI score were significantly higher in the cognitive dysfunction group than those in the non-cognitive dysfunction group, while the T-SOD level was significantly lower in the cognitive dysfunction group (P < 0.05). Pearson correlation analysis results showed that serum MDA, IL-6 and γ-GGT levels were positively correlated with PSQI score (r=0.128, r=0.317, r=0.261, P=0.037, P < 0.001, P < 0.001, respectively), while serum T-SOD level was negatively correlated with PSQI score (r=-0.145, P=0.021). Spearman rank correlation analysis results showed that serum MDA, IL-6 and γ-GGT levels were positively correlated with the occurrence of cognitive dysfunction (r=0.322, 0.554, 0.441, P < 0.001), while serum T-SOD level was negatively correlated with the occurrence of cognitive dysfunction (r=-0.330, P < 0.001). ROC curve analysis results showed that the areas under the curve (AUCs) for the individual and combined assessment of serum MDA, T-SOD, IL-6 and γ-GGT in patients with sleep disorders accompanied by anxiety and depression for cognitive dysfunction were 0.689, 0.694, 0.825, 0.759 and 0.955 respectively, with cut-off values of 9.6 mmol/L, 71.6 U/L, 5.2 μg/L and 48.8 U/L, sensitivities of 50.00%, 77.50%, 71.25%, 73.75% and 91.25% respectively, and specificities of 84.48%, 62.93%, 81.90%, 70.69% and 88.79% respectively.
Conclusion Cognitive dysfunction in patients with sleep disorders accompanied by anxiety and depression is closely related to serum MDA, T-SOD, IL-6 and γ-GGT, and early measurement of these indicators can provide a reference for the clinical assessment of cognitive dysfunction.
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