Abstract: Objective To evaluate the hazardous degree of ischemic cardiovascular disease(ICVD)in physical examination population aged 40 to 60 years in a hospital, and to analyze its related risk factors. Methods The clinical data of 324 physical examination population aged 40 to 60 years was collected retrospectively, a clinical general questionnaire was designed to understand the occurrence of hypertension and diabetes in the physical examination population, and relevant risk factors were analyzed. A ten-year risk assessment form for blood cardiovascular disease(ICVD)was used to calculate the total score and the absolute risk value was obtained. The incidence rates of risk factors of ICVD, the score of risk factors of 10-year ICVD, and the severity of ICVD in different genders and ages were compared. Results The incidence of obesity in men was significantly lower, and the incidence of smoking was significantly higher than that in women(P<0.05); there were no significant differences in the incidence of hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia between men and women(P>0.05); the incidence rates of hypertension in men and women aged 55 to 60 years were significantly higher than those aged 45 to 49 and 50 to 54 years(P<0.05); the incidence rates of diabetes, obesity, and hyperlipidemia in men at different ages showed no significant differences as compared with women at different ages(P>0.05); the risk scores of men and women with physical - examinations at different ages were higher than the reference value of risk assessment for those at the same age; very low risk and low risk of ICVD attack accounted for 74.33%(139/187)and 16.58%(31/187), respectively in males, 69.34%(95/137)and 19.71%(27/137), respectively in females. Conclusion In physical examination population aged 45 to 60 years, risk scores of ICVD attack population with different genders and ages are higher than the normal reference value, and they usually complicates multiple risk factors. Therefore, corresponding intervenes are needed in clinic to positively prevent occurrence of ICVD.