Abstract: In recent years, with the popularity of ultrasound, peripheral nerve block has been widely used in clinical practice. Long-acting glucocorticoids represented by dexamethasone are used in peripheral nerve block as local anesthetic adjuvant, which is believed to prolong the time of sensory and motor block and improve postoperative analgesia effect. However, its action characteristics, route and dose are still controversial. This paper reviewed the latest research progress on nerve block in order to provide reference for the practice of nerve block.