Research progress of different dietary patterns and polycystic ovary syndrome
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摘要:
随着现代社会的发展, 多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)的发病率不断攀升。饮食模式管理作为PCOS有效的干预方式以及临床营养辅助治疗方法，越来越受到人们的重视。目前，关于PCOS的健康饮食辅助疗法在临床上广泛应用，并取得了乐观的结果。本文概括了生酮饮食(KD)、终止高血压饮食(DASH)、地中海饮食(MD)共3种经典膳食模式在PCOS临床应用中的研究进展，以期为PCOS临床营养辅助治疗的发展提供参考。
Abstract:With the development of modern society, the incidence of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is increasing. Dietary pattern management, as an effective intervention method and clinical nutritional adjuvant therapy for PCOS, has been paid more and more attention. At present, healthy diet adjuvant therapy on PCOS is widely used in clinical practice, and has achieved positive results. This paper summarized the research progress of ketogenic diet (KD), dietary approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) and mediterranean diet (MD) in the clinical application of PCOS in order to provide reference for the development of clinical nutritional adjuvant therapy for PCOS.
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表 1 每日营养素目标摄入量(2 000 kcal饮食计划)
组成元素 能量/kcal 微量营养素 容量/mg 营养素 容量/mg 脂类 容量/mg 总脂肪 540 钠 2 300 膳食纤维 30 000 胆固醇 150 饱和脂肪酸 120 钾 4 700 — — — — 蛋白质 360 钙 1 250 — — — — 1 kcal=4.186 8 kJ。 
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表 2 终止高血压饮食方案(2 000 kcal)
食物 数量 目录 谷物 6~8份/d 一份相当于30 g干谷物，1片面包，最好是全麦面包。 蔬菜 400~500 g/d 品种多样，富含钾元素的蔬菜，如菠菜、蘑菇、芹菜等。 水果 400~500 g/d 一个中等大小的苹果约200 g, 推荐含钾元素的水果，如香蕉、猕猴桃、蜜瓜等。 低脂乳制品 2~3份/d 一份约200 mL牛奶或酸奶，或40 g低脂奶酪。 瘦肉、家禽和鱼 ≤6份/d 一份相当于30 g的家禽、鱼、肉或1个鸡蛋(每周4个或更少的鸡蛋)。 脂肪和油 10~15 g/d 以植物油为主。 甜食和添加糖 ≤25 g 糖、果酱和冰淇淋。 一份食物的大小应该建立在节俭和适度的基础上，以适应城市和现代生活方式的需求。
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