Research progress on clinical characteristics of heart failure with midrange ejection fraction

The heart failure with midrange ejection fraction was firstly and separately proposed in 2016 ESC Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Acute and Chronic Heart Failure, from other heart failure types with ejection fraction between 30% and 50%. And this conception was officially proposed in the Chinese Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Heart Failure 2018. There are many differences between the pathogenesis and prognostic factors of different subtypes of heart failure. By analyzing the unique risk factors of different heart failure subtypes, it is possible to accurately control and treat these diseases, improve the survival rate and the quality of life. Most previous studies focused on heart failure with reduced ejection fraction and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, with little effort concentrating on heart failure with intermediate ejection fraction. This review provided a brief overview about the clinical characteristics, treatment and prognosis of heart failure with midrange ejection fraction, so as to reduce and prevent the occurrence and development of this subtype of heart failure and improve the prognosis of patients.