Expression and significance of p53, P16, cyclin D1, E-cadherin in liposarcoma

Objective To investigate the expression of p53, P16, cyclin D1, E-cadherin(E-cad) in liposarcoma, and their correlations with clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of liposarcoma.

Methods The liposarcoma and parasarcoma tissues of 42 patients diagnosed with liposarcoma were collected. The tissues were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE), and the p53, p16, cyclinD1 and E-cad expressions in the liposarcoma and parasarcoma tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry. The relationship of the expression of p53, p16, cyclinD1, and E-cad with the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of liposarcoma were analyzed.

Results HE staining results in mucinous liposarcoma, pleomorphic liposarcoma and dedifferentiated liposarcoma showed significant differences. The expressions of p53, p16, cyclinD1 and E-cad were mainly located in the nucleus of sarcoma cells. The positive expression rates of p53, p16, cyclinD1 and E-cad in liposarcoma tissues were 45.24%, 59.52%, 52.38% and 47.62%, respectively, and were 83.33%, 28.57%, 23.81% and 69.05%, respectively in parasarcoma tissues. Compared with the parasarcoma tissues, the positive expression rates of p53 and E-cad in liposarcoma tissues were lower, and the positive expression rates of p16 and cyclinD1 were higher(P < 0.05). The expressions of p53, p16, cyclinD1 and E-cad showed significant differences in different tumor sites, TNM stages, pathological types, local recurrence or not and distant metastasis or not (P < 0.05). All the 42 patients were followed up, with the follow-up rate of 100.00% (42/42). A total of 25 cases (59.52%) survived and 17 cases (40.48%) died of recurrence or deterioration of liposarcoma. The number of deaths in patients with p53 and E-cad positive expression was lower than that of p53 and E-cad negative expression (P < 0.05). The number of deaths in patients with positive expressions of P16 and cyclinD was more than that in patients with P16 negative expression and cyclinD1 negative expression, respectively (P < 0.05).

Conclusion The p53, p16, cyclinD1 protein and E-cad are all abnormally expressed in liposarcoma. The protein expressions of p53, E-cad, P16 and cyclinD1 are correlated with sarcoma site, TNM stage, pathological type, local recurrence and distant metastasis. Patients with negative expression of p53 and E-cad and those with positive expression of P16 and cyclinD1 have poor prognosis.