Effects of drug penetration by ultrasound conductance instrument on curative efficacy and lung function of retreated pulmonary tuberculosis patients

Objective To explore the effect of drug penetration by ultrasound conductance instrument on the curative effect and pulmonary function of retreated pulmonary tuberculosis patients.

Methods Retrospective analysis was performed on clinical data of 106 retreated pulmonary tuberculosis patients. They were divided into two groups according to differed the treatment method. A total of 53 patients in the observation group were treated with drug penetration by ultrasonic conductance device, and 53 patients in the control group were treated with conventional antituberculosis drugs. The sputum negative conversion rate, cavity closure rate, respiratory function, pulmonary functionpeak expiratory flow rate (PEF), forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV₁), percentage of forced vital capacity for predicted value (FVC%), ratio of forced expiratory volume in the first second to forced vital capacity (FEV₁/FVC) and complication rate in each time point were compared.

Results The sputum negative conversion rates in the observation group were 67.92%, 79.25% and 92.45% after 1 month, 3 and 6 months, respectively, which were higher than 47.17%, 58.49% and 73.58% in the control group (P < 0.05). The total cavity closure rates in the observation group were 67.92% and 88.68%, respectively at 1 month and 6months after treatment, which were higher than 47.17% and 69.81% in the control group (P < 0.05). At 1 month and 6 months after treatment, PEF, FEV₁/FVC, FEV₁% and FVC% were higher than before treatment (P < 0.05). PEF, FEV₁/FVC, FEV₁% and FVC% in the observation group were higher than those in the control group at 1 month and 6 months after treatment (P < 0.05). At 6 months after treatment, the carbon dioxide fraction of the observation group was lower than that of the control group, and the partial oxygen pressure of arterial blood was higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05). In the observation group, 4 cases (7.55%) had local blisters and skin redness, 1 case (1.89%) had gastrointestinal reaction, 2 cases (3.77%) had liver injury, and 1 case (1.89%) had granulocytopenia. The total complication rate was 15.09%(8/53). In the control group, 3 cases (5.66%) had gastrointestinal reactions, 1 case (1.89%) had neurological symptoms, 1 case (1.89%) had granulocytopenia, and 2 cases (3.77%) had liver injury. The total complication rate was 13.21%(7/53). There was no significant difference in the incidence of complications between the two groups (P=0.780).

Conclusion The treatment effect of drug penetration with ultrasonic conductance instrument for retreated pulmonary tuberculosis patients is significant, which can improve the sputum negative conversion rate and pulmonary function.