Clinical manifestations, cerebrospinal fluid and imaging features of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-related diseases

Objective To summarize the clinical manifestations, cerebrospinal fluid and imaging features of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-related diseases(MOGAD). Methods A total of 11 patients with MOGAD admitted to Tangdu Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University of People's Liberation Army were collected, and their clinical manifestations, cerebrospinal fluid characteristics, imaging characteristics as well as treatment methods were summarized. These patients were followed up to observe their prognosis. Results Out of 11 MOGAD patients, there were 4 males and 7 females. Four patients had a definite history of infection before illness. Clinical types: 3 cases of encephalitis, 1 case of optic neuritis, 3 cases of myelitis, 2 cases of optic neuromyelitis, 1 case of encephalomyelitis, and 1 case of optic neuroencephalitis. There were no lesions in the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves in two patients, and the form of lesion enhancement differed from each other. The white blood cell count in cerebrospinal fluid was(0~280)×10⁶/L, and the MOG antibody titer ranged from 1∶10 to 1∶320. All patients were given hormone therapy, one patient had recurrent attacks, and the rest recovered well. Conclusion These patients are considered to be demyelinating disease of the central nervous system, and those who have negative serum aquaporin(AQP4)antibody and are not diagnosed as diseases such as multiple sclerosis and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis(ADEM), should be alerted the possibility of MOGAD.