Efficacy of continuous positive airway pressure combined with medicine in treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) combined with montelukast and liraglutide in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS).

Methods A total of 123 T2DM patients complicating OSAHS were randomly divided into control group (n=62) and observation group (n=61). The control group was orally taken montelukast sodium and percutaneous injection of liraglutide, and the observation group received CPAP on the basis of the control group. The serum levels of 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α (8-iso-PGF2α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), CXC-chemokine ligand 13 (CXCL13), sleep breathing parameters, cognitive ability, sleep quality and OSAHS severity were observed and compared between the two groups before and after treatment.

Results After treatment, the apnea hypopnea index (AHI), longest apnea time and lowest pulse volume oxygen saturation in the observation group were (10.41±2.58) times/h, (41.07±5.69) s and (88.09±6.58)%, respectively, which were lower, shorter or higher than (14.29±2.62) times/h, (50.98±3.15) s and (72.36± 4.26)%, respectively of the control group (P < 0.05). After treatment, the serum levels of 8-iso-PGF2α, IL-6 and CXCL13 in the observation group were (103.57±23.58), (20.54±4.21) and (68.29±14.59) pg/mL, respectively, which were lower than (245.29±15.36), (26.38±3.01) and (92.47±10.22) pg/mL, respectively, in the control group (P < 0.05). After treatment, OSAHS severity in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). After treatment, the cognitive ability scored (23.61±3.29) in the observation group, which was higher than (20.87±1.16) in the control group, and sleep quality scored (0.38±0.08) in the observation group, which was lower than (1.42±0.22) in the control group (P < 0.05).

Conclusion CPAP combined with montelukast sodium and liraglutide can significantly reduce serum levels of 8-iso-PGF2α, IL-6 and CXCL13, improve sleep quality, relieve disease severity and promote recovery of cognitive function in T2DM patients with OSAHS.