Research progress on pathogenesis of neuromyelitis optic spectrum diseases

JIA Linlin; JIANG Yushu; ZHANG Mengge; MA Weifeng; ZHANG Tao; LI Wei

doi:10.7619/jcmp.20215000

Journal of Clinical Medicine in Practice > 2022 > 26(7): 132-138. > DOI: 10.7619/jcmp.20215000

JIA Linlin, JIANG Yushu, ZHANG Mengge, MA Weifeng, ZHANG Tao, LI Wei. Research progress on pathogenesis of neuromyelitis optic spectrum diseases[J]. Journal of Clinical Medicine in Practice, 2022, 26(7): 132-138. DOI: 10.7619/jcmp.20215000

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Research progress on pathogenesis of neuromyelitis optic spectrum diseases

1.
Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450003
2.
Department of Neurology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450003

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Received Date: December 19, 2021
Available Online: April 14, 2022
Published Date: April 14, 2022

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Abstract

Abstract

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) are a range of central nervous system(CNS)inflammatory demyelinating diseases which mainly involve the optic nerve and spinal cord. Antibody against aquaporin 4(AQP 4), a channel protein widely distributed in the astrocyte foot process, is found to be the cause of NMOSD. The combination of AQP4 antibody with antigen can cause complement activation, up-regulation of chemokines and inflammatory cytokines in B cells and T cells, and further promote inflammatory reaction. Interleukin-6 can promote B cell activation, induce Th cell polarization and AQP4 antibody production, which increase blood-brain barrier permeability and promote inflammatory cell infiltration in the central nervous system. Overgrowth of Clostridium perfringens (CPs) promotes cell differentiation into T helper cells 17, and CPS is involved in the pathogenesis of NMOSD by affecting the balance between Th17 and regulatory T cells(Treg). This paper reviewed the recent advances of pathogenesis of NMOSD, aiming to provide reference for the diagnosis and treatment of NMOSD.
- neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder,
- antibody of aquaporin 4,
- cytokines,
- gut microbiota

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References

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